单孔腹腔镜子宫腺肌病病灶大部切除术临床应用

目的探讨单孔腹腔镜子宫腺肌病病灶大部切除术的可行性与安全性。 方法回顾性分析2018年3月至2020年6月在南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院妇科接受单孔腹腔镜下子宫腺肌病病灶切除术＋子宫成形术的7例患者的临床资料并进行总结分析。 结果接受经脐单孔腹腔镜子宫腺肌病病灶大部切除术＋子宫成形术的7例患者手术均成功，术中未增加其他手术切口，无一例中转开腹手术。发生术中并发症的共2例，程度均较轻，术中及时给予相应处理，术后密切观察，恢复良好。所有患者术后恢复良好，均顺利出院，对切口愈合后的美容效果满意度高。出院后随访发现患者月经量明显减少，痛经症状明显改善，生存质量均显著提高。 结论严格把握手术适应证的情况下，单孔腹腔镜子宫腺肌病病灶大部切除术可能是安全、可行的。     

放射介入治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效分析

目的探讨放射介入治疗子宫肌瘤的临床治疗作用。方法选择2017年4月～2018年2月我院收治的子宫肌瘤患者100例,随机分为两组,各50例,常规保守组采取常规药物治疗,放射介入组则采取放射介入治疗。比较两组疾病疗效、子宫肌瘤缩小时间、患者自觉体征好转时间、治疗前后患者各项生活质量评分、不良反应。结果放射介入组疾病疗效、子宫肌瘤缩小时间、患者自觉体征好转时间、各项生活质量评分均优于常规保守组(P0.05)。放射介入组和常规保守组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论放射介入治疗子宫肌瘤效果确切,具有疗效高、治疗时间短、可更好改善患者生活质量的优点,值得推广应用。     

Quadriceps muscle volume positively contributes to ACL volume

Females have smaller anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) than males and smaller ACLs have been associated with a greater risk of ACL injury. Overall body dimensions do not adequately explain these sex differences. This study examined the extent to which quadriceps muscle volume (VOL_QUAD) positively predicts ACL volume (VOL_ACL) once sex and other body dimensions were accounted for. Physically active males (N = 10) and females (N = 10) were measured for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Three-Tesla magnetic resonance images of their dominant and nondominant thigh and knee were then obtained to measure VOL_ACL, quadriceps, and hamstring muscle volumes, femoral notch width, and femoral notch width index. Separate three-step regressions estimated associations between VOL_QUAD and VOL_ACL (third step), after controlling for sex (first step) and one body dimension (second step). When controlling for sex and sex plus BMI, VOL_HAM, notch width, or notch width index, VOL_QUAD consistently exhibited a positive association with VOL_ACL in the dominant leg, nondominant leg, and leg-averaged models (p < 0.05). Findings were inconsistent when controlling for sex and height (p = 0.038–0.102). Once VOL_QUAD was included, only notch width and notch width index retained a statistically significant individual association with VOL_ACL (p < 0.01). Statement of Clinical Significance: The positive association between VOL_QUAD and VOL_ACL suggests ACL size may in part be modifiable. Future studies are needed to determine the extent to which an appropriate training stimulus (focused on optimizing overall lower extremity muscle mass development) can positively impact ACL size and structure in young females.     

Excitability of motor and sensory axons in multifocal motor neuropathy

ObjectiveTo assess excitability differences between motor and sensory axons of affected nerves in patients with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN).MethodsWe performed motor and sensory excitability tests in affected median nerves of 20 MMN patients and in 20 age-matched normal subjects. CMAPs were recorded from the thenar and SNAPs from the 3rd digit. Clinical tests included assessment of muscle strength, two-point discrimination and joint position.ResultsAll MMN patients had weakness of the thenar muscle and normal sensory tests. Motor excitability testing in MMN showed an increased threshold for a 50% CMAP, increased rheobase, decreased stimulus-response slope, fanning-out of threshold electrotonus, decreased resting I/V slope, shortened refractory period, and more pronounced superexcitability. Sensory excitability testing in MMN revealed decreased accommodation half-time and S2-accommodation and less pronounced subexcitability. Mathematical modeling indicated increased Barrett-Barrett conductance for motor fibers and increase in internodal fast potassium conductance for sensory fibers.ConclusionsExcitability findings in MMN suggest myelin sheath or paranodal seal involvement in motor fibers and, possibly, paranodal detachment in sensory fibers.SignificanceExcitability properties of affected nerves in MMN differ between motor and sensory nerve fibers.     

Mechanical and morphological determinants of peak power output in elite cyclists

Mechanical peak power output (PPO) is a determinant of performance in sprint cycling. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between PPO and putative physiological determinants of PPO in elite cyclists, and to compare sprint performance between elite sprint and endurance cyclists. Thirty-five elite cyclists (18 endurance; 17 sprint) performed duplicate sprint cycling laboratory tests to establish PPO and its mechanical components. Quadriceps femoris (Q_VOL) and hamstring muscle volume (HAM_VOL) were assessed with MRI, vastus lateralis pennation angle (Pθ_VL) and fascicle length (FL_VL) were determined with ultrasound imaging, and neuromuscular activation of three muscles was assessed using EMG at PPO during sprint cycling. For the whole cohort, there was a wide variability in PPO (range 775-2025 W) with very large, positive, bivariate relationships between PPO and Q_VOL (r = .87), HAM_VOL (r = .71), and Pθ_VL (r = .81). Step-wise multiple regression analysis revealed that 87% of the variability in PPO between cyclists was explained by two variables Q_VOL (76%) and Pθ_VL (11%). The sprint cyclists had greater PPO (+61%; P < .001 vs endurance), larger Q_VOL (P < .001), and BF_VOL (P < .001) as well as more pennate vastus lateralis muscles (P < .001). These findings emphasize the importance of quadriceps muscle morphology for sprint cycling events.